For example, self-control in fearful situations as courage or self-control when angry as good temper.Ĭhristians may describe the struggle with akrasia as a battle between spirit (which is inclined to God) and flesh (which is mired in sin). Sometimes self-control under particular temptations was subsumed by other virtues. As a virtue Ĭlassically, the virtue of self-control was usually called "continence" and was contrasted with the vice of akrasia or incontinence. About 70% of the variance in questionnaire data operationalizing one construct of self-control had been found to be genetic. Individuals with low self-control tend to be impulsive, insensitive towards others, risk takers, short-sighted, and nonverbal. Gottfredson and Hirschi define self-control as the differential tendency of individuals to avoid criminal acts independent of the situations in which they find themselves. The theory was developed by Michael Gottfredson and Travis Hirschi in their book titled A General Theory of Crime, published in 1990. Self-control is also a key concept in the general theory of crime, a major theory in criminology. However, in the long term, the use of self-control can strengthen and improve over time.
In the short term, overuse of self-control will lead to depletion. According to studies, self-regulation, whether emotional or behavioral, was proven to be a limited resource which functions like energy. Self-control is thought to be like a muscle.
Ī related concept in psychology is emotional self-regulation. As an executive function, it is a cognitive process that is necessary for regulating one's behavior in order to achieve specific goals. Self-control, an aspect of inhibitory control, is the ability to regulate one's emotions, thoughts, and behavior in the face of temptations and impulses. For similar terms, see Adaptive behavior and Executive function.
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